Clinical Immunology, Neuropharmacology and Drug Development

Neurosurgery

Immunogenicity is that the ability of an overseas substance, like associate degree matter, to impress associate degree reaction within the body of somebody's or alternative animal. it should be needed or unwanted:

• 
  Wanted immunogenicity generally relates to vaccines, wherever the injection of associate degree matter (the vaccine) provokes associate degree reaction aagainst the infectious agent, protective the organism from future exposure. Immunogenicity could be a central side of vaccine development.


• 
  Unwanted immunogenicity is associate degree reaction by associate degree organism against a therapeutic matter. This reaction results in production of anti-drug-antibodies (ADAs), inactivating the therapeutic effects of the treatment and probably causing adverse effects.

Immunogenicity is influenced by multiple characteristics of an antigen:

• 
  Phylogenetic distance


• 
  Molecular size


• 
  Epitope density


• 
  Chemical composition and heterogeneity


• 
  Protein structure


• 
  Synthetic polymers


• 
  D-amino acids


• 
  Degradability (ability to be processed & presented as MHC peptide to T cells)